Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) provides vital financial support for individuals who cannot work due to a qualifying disability. However, the application process involves specific requirements that must be met before benefits can be approved. Understanding your eligibility is the first step toward receiving the benefits you deserve.
What Is Social Security Disability Insurance?
Social Security Disability Insurance is a federal program that offers monthly benefits to people who cannot maintain substantial employment due to a medical condition expected to last at least one year or result in death. This program operates under the Social Security Administration (SSA) and is funded through payroll taxes.
Unlike other assistance programs, SSDI is not based on financial need alone. Instead, it functions as an insurance program for workers who have contributed to the Social Security system through their payroll taxes.
Do I Meet the Work Requirements for SSDI?
To qualify for SSDI, you must have accumulated sufficient “work credits” by paying Social Security taxes during your employment years. The number of credits required depends on your age when you become disabled.
Generally, you need 40 credits, with 20 of those earned in the last 10 years ending with the year your disability began. Younger workers may qualify with fewer credits. The SSA calculates these credits based on your yearly wages or self-employment income.
For example, in 2024, you earn one credit for each $1,730 in wages or self-employment income. You can earn up to four credits per year, regardless of when during the year you earn the income.
What Medical Conditions Qualify for Disability Benefits?
The SSA maintains a comprehensive “Blue Book” listing impairments that automatically qualify for disability benefits if all criteria are met. These conditions range from musculoskeletal disorders to mental health conditions, cardiovascular problems, neurological disorders, and many others.
Your condition does not need to appear in the Blue Book to qualify. What matters is your condition:
- Significantly limits your ability to perform basic work activities.
- Is expected to last at least 12 months or result in death.
- Prevents you from doing your previous work or any other substantial gainful activity.
The SSA evaluates applications based on medical evidence from healthcare providers, hospital records, laboratory test results, and other documentation related to the condition.
What Does “Inability to Work” Mean to the SSA?
The SSA uses a specific standard called “Substantial Gainful Activity” (SGA) to determine if you can work. If you can engage in SGA, you will not qualify for benefits regardless of your medical condition.
For 2024, SGA is defined as earning more than $1,550 per month for non-blind individuals and $2,590 for blind individuals. However, the assessment goes beyond just income thresholds.
The SSA evaluates your ability to perform physical and mental activities required for employment, such as sitting, standing, lifting, remembering instructions, responding to supervision, and adapting to workplace changes.
How Does My Age Affect My Disability Application?
Age is a significant factor in disability determinations. The SSA recognizes that older workers may have more difficulty adjusting to new types of employment.
The agency divides applicants into age categories:
- Young individuals (under 50)
- Closely approaching advanced age (50-54)
- Advanced age (55-59)
- Closely approaching retirement age (60-66)
Generally, qualifying becomes somewhat easier as you get older, particularly after age 50, when the SSA applies what are known as the “Grid Rules” that consider education level, skill transferability, and work experience alongside your medical limitations.
How Long Must I Wait Before Receiving Benefits?
SSDI has a mandatory five-month waiting period that begins with the onset date of your disability as determined by the SSA. This means you will not receive benefits for the first five months after becoming disabled. Additionally, the application process itself can take three to five months for initial decisions. If your application is denied and you need to appeal, the process can extend much longer.
Need Help With Your Disability Application? Contact the Trusted Fayetteville Social Security Disability Lawyers at Osborne Law Firm Today
The Social Security Disability application process can feel overwhelming without legal guidance. The Fayetteville social security disability lawyers at Osborne Law Firm can guide you through the process, from determining your eligibility to representing you in appeals if necessary. For a free consultation, call 479-521-7727 or submit our online form. Located in Fayetteville, Arkansas, we gladly serve clients in Washington County, Benton County, Madison County, Northwest Arkansas, and the surrounding areas.